The Enlightenment was a major change that occurred during the Early Modern Era (1450-1750) and affected society politically, socially, culturally, and economically.  It also represented a fundamental shift in European thought, transitioning society from religious and monarchical authority toward a foundation of reason, empiricism, and individual natural rights. This change also directly catalyzed the development of the Modern Western World by establishing the intellectual frameworks for democratic governance, the separation of powers, and the secular protection of civil liberties.